Introduction: Grade III and IV highly vascular hemorrhoids with Secondary haemorrhoids - (between the anal cushions) and Circumferential and Circumferentially Protruding Haemorrhoids with external haemorrhoids is challenging problem for both surgeon and patient. Surgery is a only option
Open haemorrhoidectomy (Milligan Morgan) remains the gold standard for surgical intervention for haemorrhoids and is the still most popular technique. Other popular options are Closed hemorrhoidectomy (Ferguson), Submucosal technique of Parks and many other
However haemorrhoidectomy is recognised as a painful procedure with a risk of significant complications and remains unpopular.
Primary and secondary haemorrhage, retention of urine, wound infection, incontinence, and anal stenosis are common.
Parshottambhai B Patel MS
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